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1.
Cad. saúde colet., (Rio J.) ; 29(4): 595-603, out.-dez. 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360327

ABSTRACT

Resumo Introdução Gestação está associada à vida e saúde, mas pode acompanhar algum processo de adoecimento, como é o caso do diabetes mellitus, na condição prévia (tipo 1 ou 2) ou gestacional. Compreender a vivência dessas gestantes pode instrumentalizar para a construção de uma proposta de atenção pré-natal especializada e humanizada. Objetivo interpretar os sentidos e significados da gestação com diabetes, sob a perspectiva de mulheres no ciclo gravídico-puerperal. Métodos Estudo de natureza qualitativa com o objetivo de retratar o processo de viver com diabetes mellitus (DM) na gestação, sob a perspectiva das gestantes. Participaram 17 puérperas adultas, com diagnóstico de DM prévio ou gestacional, que realizaram o pré-natal e tiveram seus filhos em uma maternidade pública do Rio de Janeiro. Foram adotadas as técnicas de observação sistemática, bem como entrevistas semiestruturadas e levantamento de dados de prontuário institucional. A interpretação dos dados foi realizada por meio de uma aproximação com o referencial da hermenêutica de profundidade, com adaptação de suas fases, utilizando-se da análise de conteúdo temática, adaptada de Bardin. Resultados Foram identificadas duas categorias, extraídas do corpus das entrevistas: (1) refém do diabetes, relacionando o DM a situações irreversíveis que comprometem a qualidade de vida; e (2) doença da vigilância, associando o DM ao conjunto de medidas terapêuticas necessárias ao seu gerenciamento, como restrição e privação alimentares. Conclusão Concluiu-se que o processo de gestar com DM é permeado por sentidos que merecem ser compreendidos, pois exercem influências sobre o autocuidado e o desfecho da gestação.


Abstract Background Pregnancy is associated with life and health, but it can accompany some illness process, such as diabetes melittus, in the previous (type 1 or 2) or gestational condition. Understanding the experience of these pregnant women can provide instruments for the construction of a proposal for specialized and humanized prenatal care. Objective to interpret the senses and meanings of pregnancy with diabetes, from the perspective of women in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle. Method A qualitative study aimed to bring forward the process of living with diabetes mellitus (DM) during pregnancy, from the perspective of pregnant women. Participants were 17 postpartum women, diagnosed with DM and who underwent prenatal care and had their children in public maternity in Rio de Janeiro. The techniques of systematic observation, semi-structured interviews, and data collection of institutional records were adopted. The interpretation of the data was carried out using an approximation with the reference of the Depth Hermeneutics, with an adaptation of its phases, using Thematic Content Analysis, adapted from Bardin. Results Two categories were identified, extracted from the interview corpus: (1) diabetes hostage, linking DM to irreversible situations that impair quality of life, and (2) disease of surveillance, associating DM with the therapeutic measures necessary for its management, as food restriction and deprivation. Conclusion It was concluded that the process of gestation with DM is permeated by senses, which deserve to be understood since they exert influence on self-care and the outcome of gestation.

2.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 22: e190035, 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1003489

ABSTRACT

Resumo: Introdução: A retenção de peso pós-parto é fator preditor para desenvolvimento de obesidade. Entretanto, não existe um protocolo para o cuidado nutricional de mulheres no período pós-parto, no Brasil. Objetivo: Este estudo teve por objetivo adaptar a dieta Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) para orientação nutricional de mulheres no período pós-parto, no âmbito da Atenção Básica. Método: Estudo metodológico, desenvolvido em 2016, em uma comunidade do Rio de Janeiro. Foi constituído de quatro etapas: tradução, adaptação dos alimentos e grupos alimentares, identificação de acessibilidade geográfica e financeira e avaliação da viabilidade. Resultados: Os grupos de alimentos da dieta original foram estruturados para o padrão brasileiro de consumo. Após avaliação da viabilidade da proposta, observou-se que a orientação deve ser direcionada de forma compatível com a realidade local, para que seja possibilitada maior adesão. Para orientação nutricional, foi elaborado um plano alimentar qualitativo e ilustrado. Conclusão: A adaptação da dieta DASH para cuidado nutricional de mulheres no período pós-parto parece estar de acordo com o padrão alimentar brasileiro, mantendo as características nutricionais que lhe imputam os benefícios à saúde previamente estudados. Atualmente, está sendo utilizada em estudo de intervenção realizado em dois Serviços de Atenção Básica do município do Rio de Janeiro.


ABSTRACT: Introduction: Postpartum weight retention has been found to predict obesity. However, in Brazil, there's no national strategy for nutritional care of postpartum woman. Objective: This study aimed to adapt DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) for nutritional counseling of postpartum woman, at primary healthcare. Method: Methodological study, carried out in 2016, at low-income urban neighborhood in the city of Rio de Janeiro. It was developed in four steps: translation, food and food groups adaptation, identification of geographic and economic access to food and viability evaluation. Results: The food groups of original diet were structured to Brazilian dietary pattern. After viability analysis, it was observed that the geographical access of food should be accounted to enable greater adherence. A qualitative and illustrated meal plan was elaborated for nutritional counseling. Conclusion: The adapted DASH diet for nutritional care of postpartum woman seems to be according to the Brazilian dietary pattern, maintaining nutritional characteristics that provide the health benefits previously demonstrated. Currently, it's being used in interventional study in two primary healthcare unities at the city of Rio de Janeiro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Primary Health Care/standards , Postpartum Period , Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension/standards , Translations , Brazil , Reproducibility of Results , Women's Health , Obesity/diet therapy
3.
Clin. biomed. res ; 37(3): 151-156, 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-859753

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Postmen are daily exposed to high levels of solar radiation, and lack of protection can result in many health damages. The present study aimed to identify cutaneous phototypes and evaluate the intake of oral photoprotectors by postmen. Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out from August 2011 to December 2012 in the city of Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Socioeconomic and behavioral data regarding daily solar exposure were collected through a questionnaire. To evaluate the intake of beta-carotene, lycopene and omega-3, two 24-hour dietary recalls were applied. Cutaneous phototypes were assessed by Fitzpatrick's classification. Results: A total of 181 postmen were analyzed, whose mean age was 40.2±11.4 years old, and 140 (77.3%) were male. The cutaneous phototypes II, III and IV were the most prevalent (n=138), totaling 76.3% of the sample. The median for the oral photoprotectors intake was 1.16 mg (0.46-2.29) of beta-carotene, 3.60 mg (1.01-6.31) of lycopene and 0.95 g (0.61-1.45) of n-3 fatty acids, all values significantly lower than the minimal doses to obtain photoprotective effect (p<0.001). The individuals in the group of phototypes V and VI showed lower adherence to the use of sunscreen and lower intake of beta-carotene, comparing to the other groups. Conclusions: The intake of oral photoprotectors is low in this population. Future studies may evaluate the real effect of oral photoprotectors, so that preventive measures using this approach can be included in photoprotection education actions for outdoor workers (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Diet , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Postal Service , Sunscreening Agents/administration & dosage , beta Carotene/administration & dosage , Brazil/epidemiology , Carotenoids/administration & dosage , Cross-Sectional Studies , Environmental Exposure/prevention & control , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/administration & dosage , Radiation Protection , Skin Pigmentation/radiation effects , Ultraviolet Rays
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